Influence of large woody debris and a bankfull flood on movement of adult resident coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) during fall and winter

نویسندگان

  • Bret C. Harvey
  • Rodney J. Nakamoto
  • Jason L. White
چکیده

To improve understanding of the significance of large woody debris to stream fishes, we examined the influence of woody debris on fall and winter movement by adult coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) using radiotelemetry. Fish captured in stream pools containing large woody debris moved less than fish captured in pools lacking large woody debris or other cover. Fish from pools lacking cover commonly moved to habitats with large boulders or brush, particularly during the day. Movements by fish over 1-day periods were strongly influenced by large woody debris or other elements providing cover. Fish initially found in habitats lacking large woody debris, large boulders, or brush cover moved the most extensively, while fish initially found in pools with large woody debris moved the least. Fish did not move extensively in response to a bankfull flood, although some moved to habitat downstream of large woody debris in tributaries or secondary channels. Habitat downstream of woody debris in the main channel was not used during the flood, apparently because of extreme turbulence. Overall, these observations provide additional evidence for the value of habitat complexity to some stream fishes and support previous observations of minimal effects of flooding on adult fish. Résumé : Afin d'améliorer notre connaissance de l'importance des gros débris ligneux pour les poissons des cours d'eau, nous avons examiné, par radiotélemétrie, l' influence des débris ligneux sur les déplacements d'automne et d'hiver de truites fardées côtières adultes. Les poissons captures dans les tosses de cours d'eau où se trouvaient de gros débris ligneux se déplaçaient moins que ceux capturés dans les tosses exemptes de tels débris on d'un autre couvert. Les poissons des tosses sans couvert se déplaçaient généralement vers des habitats où se trouvaient de grosses pierres ou des broussailles, cela surtout pendant le jour. Les mouvements des poissons au cours d'une même journée étaient fortement influencés par la présence de gros débris ligneux on d'autres é1éments offrant un couvert. Les poissons des habitats exempts de gros débris ligneux, de grosses pierres on de broussailles sont ceux qui se déplaçaient le plus tandis que ceux des fosses à gros débris ligneux se déplaçaient le moins. Les poissons ne se sont pas déplacés de facon importante suite à une crue affectant toute la rive, bien que certains se soient déplacés vers des habitats se trouvant en aval de gros débris ligneux, dans des tributaires ou des chenaux secondaires. Les habitats en aval des débris ligneux du chenal principal n' étaient pas utilisés pendant les crues, sans doute à cause de la turbulence extrême. De façon générale, ces observations confirment 1'importance de la complexité de l'habitat pour certains poissons de cours d'eau et complètent des observations antérieures du peu d'effets des crues sur les poissons adultes. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Introduction Large woody debris in streams affects the habitat of fishes. Scour around large woody debris can create pools, increasing the density of fishes that prefer pool habitat (Fausch and Northcote 1992). By increasing the visual isolation of individuals, woody debris may allow higher densities of territorial fishes (Dolloff 1986). Woody debris may also provide habitat with relatively low risk of predation (e.g., Received April 15, 1999. Accepted August 2, 1999.

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تاریخ انتشار 2000